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People
walk between the pillars during the memorial's
inauguration. | |
Berlin has unveiled a memorial to the victims of
the Holocaust
, ending 17 years of charged debate over how Germany should
remember that grim period of its history.
In the heart of Berlin, near the Reichstag and Brandenburg gate,
Berlin's newest and most powerful reminder of the Final Solution will
ensure that no Jews murdered by the Third Reich are forgotten.
From outside, the 2,711 dark gray slabs form a
gentle wave, ankle-high
in some places, designed to give visitors a sense of instability, a loss
of orientation.
While the memorial will be greeted by many Germans
it may attract vandals
, said the politician who unveiled it Tuesday.
"I believe it will be accepted by the younger generation, but surely
not by everyone," Wolfgang Thierse, speaker of the Bundestag parliament,
told German radio, "There will be opposition, indifference, denial."
But its Jewish American architect Peter Eisenman
says even though the memorial will be open around the clock
, he is not worried about graffiti.
The architect even opposed an official decision to coat the slabs with
a chemical making it easier to remove any tagging.
''I didn't want the graffiti coating, because I think vandalism is an
expression of the city. We have it in American cities, and I think in a
certain way it's positive. It's an outlet," Eisenman says.
Under the memorial are the stories of holocaust victims, like the
Haberman family from the polish city of Borislaw.
Like tens of thousands of other Jews, mother Sala died in the Belzec
concentration camp.
The father Fischel and their children were sent to a labor camp, most
of them murdered. But one child, Sabina, survived.
Critics of the long-debated project say the memorial should be for all
victims of the Third Reich, not only Jews. But the designer disagrees.
''They were the only people singled out
for extermination. There was a
plan to exterminate the race," Eisenman says.
(Agencies) |
隨著歐洲被害猶太人紀(jì)念碑群在柏林揭幕，關(guān)于德國應(yīng)怎樣銘記那段苦難歷史的長達17年的爭論也就此畫下完美句號。
大屠殺紀(jì)念碑群位于柏林市中心，與德國聯(lián)邦議院和勃蘭登堡門近在咫尺，這座紀(jì)念納粹滅絕猶太人歷史的最新且最具影響力的建筑物將銘記每一位被德國納粹屠殺的猶太人。
從外觀來看，紀(jì)念碑群由2711根長短不一的灰色碑柱組成，從遠處望去，黑灰色的石碑如同一片波濤起伏的石林，讓游客不由自主產(chǎn)生一種不穩(wěn)定的、迷失方向的感覺。
本周二參加揭幕儀式的政治家們擔(dān)心，紀(jì)念碑群向公眾開放后，會招致某些德國人的蓄意破壞。
德國聯(lián)邦議院發(fā)言人沃爾夫?qū)さ贍枬上虻聡娕_表示，“我認(rèn)為年輕一代的德國人會接受它，但并不是每個人都會。肯定會遭到某些人的反對、質(zhì)疑或否定。”
不過，該紀(jì)念碑群的猶太裔美國建筑設(shè)計師彼得·艾森曼指出，即便紀(jì)念碑群全天候?qū)τ慰烷_放，他也不擔(dān)心有人在碑柱上涂抹亂畫。
艾森曼甚至不贊成政府出臺的保護措施，即在碑柱外涂上一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這樣可以比較容易擦去人們在碑柱上涂寫的字畫。
艾森曼表示：“我不想掩飾那些涂鴉，因為我認(rèn)為這是對城市的一種情感表達方式。在美國這是允許的，而且我認(rèn)為，從某種角度來看，它也有積極的一面。涂鴉是一種情感宣泄的方式。”
紀(jì)念碑群的下面是地下檔案展覽館，收藏著當(dāng)年慘遭納粹屠殺的死難者們的故事，來自波蘭城市鮑里斯羅的哈伯曼一家就是當(dāng)年的受害者。
與其他數(shù)十萬猶太人一樣，母親薩拉在貝爾澤克集中營殉難。
父親費舍爾和他的孩子們被送到勞動營，他們大都被殺害了，只有一個孩子薩拜娜幸存下來。
一些批評家認(rèn)為，該紀(jì)念碑群應(yīng)當(dāng)為被納粹屠殺的所有死難者建立，而不只是其中的猶太人。但設(shè)計師并不同意這種看法。
艾森曼說：“納粹只選擇滅絕猶太人。納粹曾計劃把猶太種族消滅干凈。”
（中國日報網(wǎng)站譯） |
Updated: 2005-05-13 10:03
