希臘債務(wù)危機(jī)專業(yè)詞匯解讀

ESM(European Stability Mechanism) 歐洲穩(wěn)定機(jī)制

The ESM is the eurozone's rescue fund. It can provide countries in financial difficulty with up to €500 billion ($560bn). Greece has requested an ESM bailout to cover all its financial needs for two years.
歐洲穩(wěn)定機(jī)制使歐元區(qū)的援助基金，能夠?yàn)橛龅截?cái)政困難的國(guó)家提供高達(dá)5000億歐元（約合5600億美元）的援助資金。希臘已經(jīng)要求歐洲穩(wěn)定機(jī)制為其連續(xù)兩年提供所需的全部金融支持資金。

Eurozone 歐元區(qū)

The group of 19 EU countries that share a common currency - the euro. Has so far weathered the financial crisis and kept Greece within the currency, but there are serious fears about the future of the currency should Greece exit.
歐盟19個(gè)共用統(tǒng)一貨幣——?dú)W元的國(guó)家。歐元區(qū)目前也算平安度過(guò)了金融危機(jī)，希臘也還留在這個(gè)集體里。不過(guò)，加入希臘真的脫離歐元區(qū)的話，歐元的未來(lái)也頗值得擔(dān)憂。

Exposure 面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

Almost all the eurozone countries have lent money to Greece, leaving them "exposed" if Greece can't pay. The Eurozone's largest economies, Germany and France, are owed the most but countries with smaller or less robust economies, such as Slovenia and Spain, would likely suffer more.
幾乎所有的歐元區(qū)國(guó)家都給希臘借過(guò)錢，如果希臘無(wú)法還債，那么這些國(guó)家都面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。德國(guó)和法國(guó)這兩個(gè)歐元區(qū)最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)體借債額最高，不過(guò)，斯洛文尼亞和西班牙這種經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力不太強(qiáng)的國(guó)家可能會(huì)在希臘債務(wù)危機(jī)中受損更多。

Haircut 債務(wù)減值

A reduction in the value of a troubled borrower's debts. In 2011, Greece's private lenders received a massive 50% haircut of what they were owed, reducing Greece's debt by €100bn ($110bn). Greece pushed for a second debt haircut this year but has failed to reach an agreement with its creditors.
對(duì)遭遇經(jīng)濟(jì)困境的債務(wù)方所欠債務(wù)進(jìn)行減值。2011年，希臘的私有銀行債權(quán)方同意對(duì)希臘所欠債務(wù)減值50%，將希臘的債務(wù)減少了1000億歐元。今年，希臘再次要求債務(wù)減值，但是沒(méi)有跟債權(quán)方達(dá)成協(xié)議。

Paperology 文件學(xué)

The exchange of documents between Greece and its EU negotiating partners has gone on for so long with no breakthrough that it has been given its own name - "paperology".
希臘和歐盟談判方之間的文件往來(lái)持續(xù)了很久但沒(méi)有任何進(jìn)展，這種狀況被叫做“文件學(xué)”。

Troika 三巨頭

A Russian word meaning a group of three, used by Greek journalists and then others to describe the EU, ECB, and IMF - the trinity of institutions responsible for monitoring Greece's austerity measures. Greece's new prime minister, Alexis Tsipras, vowed in February that he would no longer acknowledge the "Troika" as an entity.
這是一個(gè)俄語(yǔ)詞，指三人小組或者三國(guó)集團(tuán)，希臘記者將歐盟、歐洲央行和國(guó)際貨幣基金組織合稱為Troika，因?yàn)檫@三個(gè)組織共同負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督希臘的緊縮政策。希臘新任總理齊普拉斯今年2月表示，他不再承認(rèn)這三個(gè)組織整體是一個(gè)實(shí)體組織。

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）