一周熱詞回顧（10.17-10.23）

一周新聞熱詞榜，一網(wǎng)打盡trending news。新一期熱詞回顧出爐了。

1.中共中央印發(fā)'最嚴(yán)黨紀(jì)'

2.習(xí)近平訪(fǎng)英品炸魚(yú)薯?xiàng)l

3.國(guó)考報(bào)名現(xiàn)冰火兩重天

4.'貧二代'畢業(yè)生3成失業(yè)

5.滬出租車(chē)業(yè)取消'份子錢(qián)'

6.中國(guó)區(qū)SSAT成績(jī)被取消

7.支付寶新推出'扶老人險(xiǎn)'

8.城市現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)離故土'老漂族'

1. 最嚴(yán)黨紀(jì)
the strictest code of conduct

請(qǐng)看例句：

The Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee has published new rules on sanctions for those who violate the Party code of conduct. The new rules have been dubbed by many to be the most comprehensive and strictest code of conduct for all CPC members since the opening up and reform drive began.

中共中央近日印發(fā)《中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨紀(jì)律處分條例》。該條例被稱(chēng)為"改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)最全、最嚴(yán)黨紀(jì)"。

新的紀(jì)律處分條例要求官員不僅要在政治上清明(to be honest in politics)，而且要儉身養(yǎng)德(cultivate their own character)，家庭和睦(run a harmonious family)。

黨員要嚴(yán)格區(qū)分公眾利益和個(gè)人利益，把公眾利益擺在首位(put the public's interest first)，無(wú)私工作。要崇尚簡(jiǎn)樸(champion simplicity)、杜絕奢靡(guard against extravagance)。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

廉潔執(zhí)政 clean governance

反腐行動(dòng) anti-corruption drive

將權(quán)力關(guān)進(jìn)籠子里 power should be restricted by a cage of regulations

2. 炸魚(yú)薯?xiàng)l
fish and chips

請(qǐng)看例句：

President Xi Jinping visited a traditional English pub on Thursday with British Prime Minister David Cameron and tried fish and chips - a dish that symbolizes Britain - during his visit to the UK this week.

習(xí)近平主席本周訪(fǎng)問(wèn)英國(guó)，22日他與英國(guó)首相卡梅倫一同前往傳統(tǒng)的英國(guó)酒吧小酌，并品嘗英國(guó)代表性美食——炸魚(yú)薯?xiàng)l。

提起英國(guó)，你首先想到的是什么？英女王(the Queen)、下午茶(afternoon tea)、威廉·莎士比亞(William Shakespeare)、披頭士樂(lè)隊(duì)(the Beatles)，當(dāng)然少不了炸魚(yú)薯?xiàng)l。

炸魚(yú)薯?xiàng)l是英國(guó)盛行的外帶食品(take-away food)，將鱈魚(yú)(codfish)或比目魚(yú)(flatfish)，去骨(remove bones)、裹面(coat the fish with flour)、高火炸(deep fry)。吃的時(shí)候配上炸薯?xiàng)l(fried chips)和不同口味的調(diào)味醬，用報(bào)紙一包就能邊走邊吃，那滋味也不比牛排(steak)或鵝肝(goose liver)差，難怪能成為習(xí)大大點(diǎn)名想吃的英國(guó)國(guó)菜。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

培根煎雞蛋 bacon and eggs

巧克力松糕 chocolate trifle

烤牛肉 roast beef

鱔魚(yú)凍 jellied eels

3. 國(guó)考
civil service exam

請(qǐng)看例句：

The number of candidates for the 2016 national civil service exam has surpassed last year's numbers, with more than 132,000 applicants on Tuesday－the most in a single day－deemed qualified for the exam.

2016年國(guó)考報(bào)名人數(shù)已超過(guò)去年，20日的通過(guò)審核人數(shù)超過(guò)13.2萬(wàn)人，創(chuàng)單日新高。

截至23日，最熱門(mén)職位(the most sought-after job)是中國(guó)就業(yè)培訓(xùn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)中心的一個(gè)崗位，吸引了2036位報(bào)名者(has drawn 2,036 applicants)。同時(shí)，尚有549個(gè)職位無(wú)人報(bào)名(have not registered a single applicant)。

中央職位(jobs offered by central government departments and subsidiaries)倍受青睞。縣(區(qū))級(jí)及以下職位(jobs at or below the county or district level)則成為冷門(mén)職位(the least sought-after jobs)。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

筆試 paper test

面試 interview

行政能力測(cè)試 administrative professional ability test

申論 argumentative essay writing

4. 貧二代
poor second generation

請(qǐng)看例句：

According to the college graduate employment report for 2013 by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, ordinary college graduates from rural families face the most difficulties job hunting, and the unemployment rate of this group is as high as 30.5%. Such a phenomenon has drawn wide public concern, and some media outlets have even started calling these graduates from rural areas the "poor second generation".

中國(guó)社科院發(fā)布的《2013年應(yīng)屆生就業(yè)調(diào)查報(bào)告》顯示，農(nóng)村家庭的普通本科院校畢業(yè)生成為就業(yè)最為困難群體，失業(yè)率高達(dá)30.5%。該現(xiàn)象引起了社會(huì)各界的廣泛關(guān)注，一些媒體機(jī)構(gòu)甚至開(kāi)始將農(nóng)村地區(qū)的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生稱(chēng)為"貧二代"。

農(nóng)村貧困大學(xué)生是"貧二代"中頗引人關(guān)注的群體。高失業(yè)率(high unemployment rate)意味著大學(xué)4年的書(shū)本知識(shí)并未給他們帶來(lái)一份體面的工作(a decent job)，意味著他們無(wú)顏面對(duì)父老鄉(xiāng)親，意味著"貧二代"中本來(lái)最有希望依靠知識(shí)改變命運(yùn)(change their fate through study)的這一部分人，他們的夢(mèng)想還未出發(fā)，在現(xiàn)實(shí)面前就已折戟。這是階層固化(class solidification)的危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)(dangerous sign)。

供孩子上大學(xué)(send their children to university)對(duì)農(nóng)村家庭來(lái)說(shuō)是一項(xiàng)沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)(a great economic pressure for rural families)。如果農(nóng)村大學(xué)生畢業(yè)后找不到工作，這些家庭也許會(huì)陷入貧困(fall into poverty)。同時(shí)，所謂的"貧二代"現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致更多的農(nóng)村人認(rèn)為"讀書(shū)無(wú)用"(study is useless)。有關(guān)部門(mén)和社會(huì)各界應(yīng)該給這些農(nóng)村大學(xué)生提供必要的幫助，以避免貧困代際傳遞(avoid the intergenerational transmission of poverty)。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

富二代 rich second generation, silver-spoon kids

官二代 the second powerful generation, the officiallings

拼爹 competition of family background

炫富 flaunt wealth

5. 份子錢(qián)
franchise fee

請(qǐng)看例句：

Didi Kuaidi is cooperating with authorities and traditional taxi operators in Shanghai to launch a taxi driver service center, in a move to trial a new management system in which taxi drivers pay service fees instead of franchise fees.

滴滴快的正聯(lián)合上海市有關(guān)部門(mén)和傳統(tǒng)出租車(chē)公司，以組織"出租汽車(chē)駕駛員服務(wù)社"的形式，試水以服務(wù)費(fèi)取代"份子錢(qián)"的出租車(chē)管理模式。

入社駕駛員每月只需要繳納50元服務(wù)費(fèi)，服務(wù)社除提供駕駛員銷(xiāo)卡(number cancellation)、發(fā)票管理(invoice management)等日常服務(wù)外，還將提供車(chē)輛更新(vehicle replacement)、車(chē)輛商業(yè)保險(xiǎn)(commercial auto insurance)、線(xiàn)上代繳稅金(online rate payment)等便利服務(wù)。

服務(wù)社還將給司機(jī)一定補(bǔ)貼：如頂燈設(shè)置(roof beacon settings)、計(jì)價(jià)器軟件更新(taximeter software upgrades)的費(fèi)用。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

拒載 refuse passengers' requests

議價(jià) negotiate the price

中途甩客 drop off passengers in the middle of the trip

6. 美國(guó)中考(SSAT)
Secondary School Admission Test

請(qǐng)看例句：

The Upper Level Secondary School Admission Test (SSAT) results for a total of 357 students, who took the tests in China on Sept 19, were canceled by the SSAT Board.

9月19日參加中國(guó)地區(qū)高級(jí)SSAT的所有357名考生的考試成績(jī)均被SSAT委員會(huì)取消。

SSAT考試是美國(guó)私立高中(private high schools)入學(xué)考試，相當(dāng)于中國(guó)的中考。其考試難度和高昂的學(xué)費(fèi)一直是阻礙普通家庭學(xué)生申請(qǐng)學(xué)校的門(mén)檻。這些一流的私立高中素有"小常春藤(Ivy League high schools)"之稱(chēng)，在美國(guó)也只有2%的學(xué)生能夠就讀(only admit about 2% of all American students)。

SSAT委員會(huì)決定取消成績(jī)緣于"有充分理由質(zhì)疑這次考試成績(jī)的有效性(there is a reasonable basis to question the validity of scores)"。一些媒體解讀，SSAT委員會(huì)的質(zhì)疑可能緣于本次考試中中國(guó)考生的"大面積高分(suspiciously high scores)"。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

美國(guó)高考(SAT) Scholastic Assessment Test

托福(TOEFL) Test of English as a Foreign Language

雅思(IELTS) International English Language Testing System

7. 扶老險(xiǎn)
"helping the elderly" insurance

請(qǐng)看例句：

"Helping the elderly" insurance became available for purchase on Alibaba's payment platform Alipay recently. The new insurance product may offer new courage to do-gooders.

阿里巴巴旗下支付平臺(tái)支付寶近期推出"扶老人險(xiǎn)"。這份新保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品也許能讓好心人重拾勇氣。

該險(xiǎn)種保費(fèi)(premium)為3元，保期一年(valid for one year)，投保后如果發(fā)生"幫助老人(lend a helping hand to the elderly)反而被訛"的狀況，最高可獲得2萬(wàn)元的法律訴訟費(fèi)用賠償(pays up to RMB20,000 to cover legal fees)。

"扶老人險(xiǎn)"的推出引發(fā)熱議，有人認(rèn)為此舉可以幫助好心人(good Samaritans)討回公道，有人則認(rèn)為這非但不能解決問(wèn)題，反而可能會(huì)助長(zhǎng)"訛人"之風(fēng)(encourage such extortion)。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

老年人 senior citizen

糾紛 dispute

道德淪喪 declining morality

8. 老漂族
elderly immigrants

請(qǐng)看例句：

"Elderly immigrants" become a hot topic as more and more elderly are leaving their hometown, and settling down in cities with their children. Most of the elderly immigrants come to cities to help taking care of their grandchildren.

"老漂族"引發(fā)關(guān)注。如今越來(lái)越多的老年人離開(kāi)故土，跟隨子女來(lái)到陌生的城市落腳。幫忙帶孩子是"老年漂"的主因。

雖然"老漂"生活讓老人們能夠親近兒女、共享天倫(spend more time with his family)，但他們也面臨氣候、飲食、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣的巨大改變，還有語(yǔ)言不通(difficulties in language)、異地社保、醫(yī)療(seek medical treatment)等各種困擾。

"老漂族"背后，暴露的也不僅是飛速城鎮(zhèn)化(urbanization)所導(dǎo)致的簡(jiǎn)單的人口遷徙問(wèn)題，還有當(dāng)前全社會(huì)所面臨的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)(service for the aged)、異地醫(yī)保(remote medical insurance)等綜合問(wèn)題。

[相關(guān)詞匯]

基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度 basic endowment insurance system

養(yǎng)老金"城鄉(xiāng)并軌" unify the two separate pension systems for urban and rural residents

（來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)手機(jī)報(bào)，編輯：丁一）