日本應(yīng)學(xué)德國(guó) “重新取信于鄰國(guó)”

Japan's Prime Minister Shinzo Abe speaks at Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima during a ceremony marking the 70th anniversary of the atomic bomb attack on the city, Aug 6, 2015.[Photo/Agencies]

If Japan wants to reconcile with China over wartime history, it should look to the example set by Germany, a senior Chinese scholar of Japan studies told China Daily.
中國(guó)的一位日本問(wèn)題專(zhuān)家向《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》表示，如果日本希望在二戰(zhàn)問(wèn)題上與中國(guó)和解，就該像德國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)。

Li Wei, director of the Institute of Japan Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, estimated that "it will be a long process" before the ultimate goal is reached, and people should understand the importance of this issue.
中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院日本研究所所長(zhǎng)李薇認(rèn)為，在此問(wèn)題上，最終目標(biāo)的達(dá)成還需要“一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程”，而這個(gè)問(wèn)題的重要性應(yīng)得到各方認(rèn)同。

A report by an advisory panel of former senior officials and experts that was delivered to Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe on Aug 6 noted that Japan has yet to realize "complete reconciliation with China and South Korea".
8月6日，一個(gè)由前政府官員與專(zhuān)家組成的顧問(wèn)機(jī)構(gòu)向日本首相安倍提交了一份報(bào)告。報(bào)告稱(chēng)，日本尚需與“中韓達(dá)成真正意義上的和解”。

"Recently, the Japanese government seems to have realized that the issue of reconciliation has become a major burden for its diplomacy, and it is seeking wordings and approaches that will resolve the issue once and for all," Li observed.
李薇說(shuō)：“近日，日本政府似乎已經(jīng)意識(shí)到和解問(wèn)題已成為其外交工作的主要負(fù)擔(dān)。日本不斷地尋找合適的措辭和方法，希望可以一勞永逸地解決此問(wèn)題。”

She recalled being asked by Japanese diplomats and media about "how many official apologies are enough for China's forgiveness".
李薇回憶到曾被日本外交官員和媒體詰問(wèn)“日本要公開(kāi)道歉多少次才能得到中方的原諒”。

That raises the question of a hypothetical bottom line or lwest threshold, "which suggests that Japan is seeking a marginal effect with the lowest cost in diplomacy. It is seeking resolutions at the technical level, rather than a complete transformation at the spiritual level. In this regard, there is an obvious gap between Germany and Japan," she said.
這就令人想到日本設(shè)定的底線是什么。李薇說(shuō)：“日本似乎只愿意用最少的付出獲取外交上的成功。日本在解決此問(wèn)題的功夫只愿意花在技巧層面，而非誠(chéng)心做出改變。如此看來(lái)，德日大不相同。”

Germany's efforts to face up to its Nazi past "have been relentless in the past decades", and Germany has therefore regained the respect of the victimized countries and become a backbone of the European Union and world affairs, Li said.
李薇說(shuō)，在過(guò)去數(shù)十年中，德國(guó)在面對(duì)其納粹歷史問(wèn)題上的態(tài)度一直十分鮮明，因此，德國(guó)重新獲得了各受害國(guó)家的尊重并成為歐盟及國(guó)際事務(wù)中的重要力量。

Postwar German chancellors have consistently reflected and apologized on various occasions about the war, which ended 70 years ago. It is a process with no end and it shows the courage and wisdom of a political power," Li said.
她說(shuō)，戰(zhàn)后，許多德國(guó)總理在很多場(chǎng)合都對(duì)那場(chǎng)70年前結(jié)束了的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)進(jìn)行了反思和道歉。這種過(guò)程本身就沒(méi)有終結(jié)時(shí)刻。德國(guó)的做法體現(xiàn)了德國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的勇氣與睿智。

Japan has not demonstrated such an ambition and self-awareness, Li said.
她說(shuō)，日本尚未表現(xiàn)出這樣的決心和自我認(rèn)識(shí)。

Foreign Minister Wang Yi said in June that the Japanese leader must choose between two options: continuing to stay in the shadow of history or "achieving a real reconciliation with all countries, especially those invaded and hurt by Japan".
6月，外交部部長(zhǎng)王毅說(shuō)，日本領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人面臨兩個(gè)選擇：仍然停留在歷史陰影中，還是真正同各國(guó)特別是曾經(jīng)被日本侵略和傷害過(guò)的國(guó)家實(shí)現(xiàn)和解。

Li also raised questions about Japan's ongoing legislative campaign to get radical security bills passed and change the country's defense policy.
李薇還談到日本近日強(qiáng)行修改憲法以通過(guò)安保法案，以改變其防衛(wèi)政策的做法。

She observed that Japan is making a shift in its security and defense policies along with the rise of right-wing voices, and "there is a growing tolerance over words and actions of right-wingers among the Japanese community".
她指出，日本在安保方面的政策伴隨著右翼勢(shì)力的崛起，“在日本，人們對(duì)右翼勢(shì)力言行的忍耐程度越來(lái)越大。”

"Japan is once again taking its military forces into the realm of world affairs without achieving transformation of its national belief in regard to the recognition of history," she said.
她還說(shuō)，“日本尚未正視歷史或改變其歷史觀，卻又一次將軍事力量帶入國(guó)際舞臺(tái)。”

Dealing with that is "a realistic and important issue for the international community, especially East Asian countries such as China", Li said.
她說(shuō)，“對(duì)于東亞各國(guó)而言，尤其是中國(guó)，如何處理這些問(wèn)題將是中國(guó)外交工作中具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的重要任務(wù)。”

作者：《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》記者張隕壁

譯者：趙瑜

審校：齊磊

編輯：馬文英