研究:"腦殘"英語成特朗普制勝法寶

特朗普的發(fā)言以簡單粗暴著稱，他的用詞簡單、重復性高，而且很少使用長難句，不少國內網友表示：“聽他說話，誤以為自己的聽力水平一夜之間突飛猛進！”雖然，特朗普“小學生般的英文水平”一直備受其反對者的嘲諷，但研究發(fā)現，這種直截了當的說話方式似乎正是特朗普的制勝法寶。

Like no President before him, Donald Trump has threatened to change forever the way in which politics is done.
在特朗普之前，從沒有一個總統(tǒng)能像他那樣威脅到政治方式，使其從此發(fā)生改變。

His barnstorming speeches and Twitter tirades frequently grab column inches while more measured political debate is ignored.
他的巡回演講和推特嗆聲經常被媒體大幅報道，更為嚴謹的政治辯論反而被無視了。

New analysis of his political rhetoric may explain why - it is markedly more repetitive and simple than those of eight other candidates he beat to the White House.
對特朗普政治言論的新分析也許可以解釋其中原因——特朗普的措辭明顯比其他8位總統(tǒng)候選人的重復性更強、更簡單。

While Hillary Clinton's most frequently used words during television debates include 'comprehensive' and 'affordable', his are 'tremendous' and 'deal'.
希拉里在電視辯論中最常使用的單詞是“全面”、“負擔得起”，而特朗普的卻是“巨大”和“交易”。

His showmanship is apparent from his frequent use of the word 'I' when people with a history of public service, like Jeb Bush, are more likely to say 'we'.
當杰布?布什等其他有公共服務經驗的人更傾向于說“我們”時，特朗普頻繁地使用“我”，很明顯，這就是他的魅力所在。

The study's authors, from the University of Neuachtel in Switzerland, claim Trump's speaking style is similar to his 140-character Twitter pronouncements, which he continues to use even as the US President.
該研究報告的作者來自瑞士Neuachtel大學，他們聲稱，特朗普的講話風格和他的140字推特聲明類似，即便當選后他依然沿用了這種風格。

Lead author Jacques Savoy said: 'As Trump won the primaries and the general election, does that mean that efficient communication must be based on tweet-like rhetoric and this form will dominate the future elections?
該報告的第一作者雅克?薩沃伊說：“特朗普贏得初選和大選是不是意味著有效的溝通必須基于推特式語言？這種形式將主導未來的選舉嗎？”

'Clearly the rhetoric evolution goes towards to short communication messages, but this also implies simplistic analysis and solutions? If the answer is affirmative, I see a real risk of the democracy.'
顯然，語言表達向著簡短的信息溝通方向發(fā)展，但這是否也意味著過于簡單的分析和解決方案？如果答案是肯定的，那么我看到了民主的真正風險。”

Trump's confrontational approach began on the campaign trail.
特朗普的強硬態(tài)度始于競選巡回演講期間。

Among his top 10 words in the television debates analysed by the Swiss researchers was 'Mexico', and he now plans to build the wall he promised between that country and the US.
研究人員分析出他在電視辯論中的十大用詞之首是“墨西哥”，他曾承諾在美墨之間修建高墻，現在他正計劃落實此事。

The researchers who analysed the television debates from last year's Presidential race found politicians largely share a common language.
研究人員分析了去年的總統(tǒng)競選電視辯論，發(fā)現政客們在很大程度上通用一種語言。

They like to talk, for instance, about the 'people' and what they have to 'say'.
例如，他們喜歡談論必須“說到”的“人”。

But Trump was atypical in keeping things simpler than anyone else.
但特立獨行的特朗普表達得比所有人都簡單。

The percentage of long and potentially confusing words he used in debates was 18.3 percent compared to 26.4 percent for Bernie Sanders.
他在辯論中使用長句子和容易引起困惑的詞語的比例是18.3%，而相比之下，伯尼?桑德斯是26.4%。

His top 10 words were compared with Clinton, who lost the Presidency to him, as well as other candidates.
研究人員將特朗普的十大用詞和他的手下敗將希拉里以及其他幾位候選人做了比較。

The top terms used by Jeb Bush, brother of former President George W Bush, included 'proven', 'status' and 'brother', where Sanders preferred 'Wall Street', 'wealth' and 'class'.
美國前總統(tǒng)小布什的弟弟杰布?布什最常用的單詞包括“證明”、“狀態(tài)”以及“兄弟”，而桑德斯更經常使用“華爾街”、“財富”以及“階級”。

Long sentences were preferred by O'Malley, Clinton, and Sanders.
長句子是奧馬利、希拉里以及桑德斯的最愛。

A relatively high lexical density percentage indicates a more complex text, containing more information.
詞匯密度相對較高意味著文本更加復雜，包含的信息更多。

But using the transcripts of the TV debates, Trump had the lowest percentage, at just 36.6 percent, compared to 44.6 percent for Cruz.
但是從電視辯論的用語來看，克魯茲的詞匯密度為44.6%，相比之下特朗普詞匯密度最低，只有36.6%。

He was also one of the few Presidential candidates to regularly swear, it was noted in other debates.
特朗普還是少數幾個經常罵人的總統(tǒng)候選人之一，人們在其他辯論中也發(fā)現了這點。

The paper found Trump's distinct communication style was far more direct than any of the other candidates.
這篇論文發(fā)現，特朗普獨特的溝通風格比所有其他候選人都更直接明了。

His victory has been described by critics as proof that 'dumbed down' politics is in the ascendancy.
評論家們稱，特朗普的勝選證明“腦殘”政治占了上風。

英文來源：每日郵報
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：yaning