牛津詞典2017年度詞匯：青年沖擊

在歲末年終之際，牛津詞典公布了2017年度詞匯——青年沖擊（youthquake），具有代表性的其他詞匯還有反法西斯行動、玻璃心男、奶昔鴨、污點材料、戶外運動風(fēng)等。

"Youthquake", "antifa" and "broflake" might have yet to make it into daily vocabulary.
“青年沖擊”、“反法西斯行動”（極左翼組織）和“玻璃心男”也許尚未成為日常詞匯。

But according to the Oxford Dictionaries, they are the words which will define the year 2017.
但是牛津詞典指出，這幾個詞是最能代表2017年的詞匯。

It has announced "youthquake", referring to the rallying of young people by Jeremy Corbyn's Labour Party during the 2017 General Election, as its word of the year.
日前牛津詞典宣布“青年沖擊”被評為年度詞匯。“青年沖擊”指的是2017英國大選期間杰里米?科爾賓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的工黨拉攏年輕人的行為。

The word saw a 400 percent increase in usage between 2016 and 2017, and "highlights the increased awareness of young people’s capacity to influence, and even drive, political change," it said.
牛津詞典稱，該詞在2016年至2017年間的使用率增加了400%，而且“凸顯出人們更多地意識到年輕人影響甚至驅(qū)動政治變化的能力”。

Many of the words chosen for the list refer to political turbulence and social change.
大多數(shù)入選詞匯都與政治動蕩和社會變化有關(guān)。

"Antifa", meaning groups united by militant opposition to fascism made the list, as did "broflake", a man upset by progressive attitudes which conflict with his more conservative views.
具有代表性的詞匯還有“反法西斯行動”和“玻璃心男”，前者指的是反法西斯的激進組織，后者指的是比較保守、無法接受先進思想的男性。

Another, "Milkshake Duck", is something which "initially inspires delight on social media but is soon revealed to have a distasteful or repugnant past".
另一個代表性詞匯“奶昔鴨”指的是某人或某物“最初在社交媒體上討人喜歡但很快被發(fā)現(xiàn)有不堪或令人厭惡的過往”。

"Kompromat", a Russian word originally based on the English phrase "compromising material", means material used to blackmail or manipulate someone for political purposes.
“污點材料”這個俄羅斯詞語源于英文短語compromising material，意思是出于政治目的用于敲詐或操控某人的材料。

Others were more light-hearted. "Gorpcore", meaning the trend for wearing functional, outdoorsy clothing, also made the list, alongside "unicorn", referring to the trend for dousing anything from lattes to bagels in rainbow colours and glitter.
其他一些代表詞就輕松一些。“戶外運動風(fēng)”指的是穿著功能性戶外服裝的潮流，“獨角獸風(fēng)”指的是把所有東西，從拿鐵咖啡到百吉面包圈，都裝飾得五顏六色亮晶晶。

Casper Grathwohl, president of Oxford Dictionaries, said youthquake had taken the top spot because it was a "rare political word that sounds a hopeful note”.
牛津詞典總裁卡斯帕?格拉斯沃說，‘青年沖擊’居首是因為這是“罕見的一個讓人燃起希望的政治詞匯”。

"Sometimes you pick a word as the Word of the Year because you recognize that it has arrived, but other times you pick one that is knocking at the door and you want to help usher in," he said.
他說：“有時候你將某個詞選為年度詞匯是因為你意識到它已經(jīng)到來，但有些時候你選擇某個詞匯則是因為它雖然尚在門口，但你想把它迎進來。”

Corbyn engaged with the UK's foremost grime artists and spoke about topics such as housing and social justice in an attempt to woo younger voters - previously disengaged in politics - into voting for him.
英國工黨領(lǐng)袖科爾賓和英國一流的倫敦地下音樂人交談，討論有關(guān)住房和社會公平等話題，試圖贏得那些先前不參與政治的年輕人的選票。

The strategy worked, with youth turnout jumping from 43 percent in the 2015 election to 64 percent.
這個策略奏效了，年輕人的投票率從2015年的43%增加到了64%。

This demographic overwhelming backed Corbyn, leading to seat gains such as Canterbury - a town with a large student group, but which had a 185-year period of always electing Conservative-allied MPs.
這部分人群一邊倒地支持科爾賓，最終助他贏得了坎特伯雷等選區(qū)的席位。擁有龐大學(xué)生群體的坎特伯雷在過去長達(dá)185年的時間里選舉出的一直都是保守黨一方的議員。

This increased engagement of younger voters meant that overall turnout was boosted.
年輕人的投票增多意味著總體投票率上升了。

The 20-point increase in turnout among 18-24 year olds helped increase turnout to 69.1 percent.
18歲到24歲人群投票率增加了20個百分點，從而讓總體投票率增加到了69.1%。

一起來回顧牛津英語詞典過去十三年選出的年度詞匯：

2004 Chav 低下階層愛穿名牌服飾的年輕人

2005 Sudoku 數(shù)獨游戲

2006 Bovvered 在意

2007 Carbon Footprint 碳足跡

2008 Credit Crunch 信貸崩塌

2009 Simples 非常容易完成的事情

2010 Big Society 大社會

2011 Squeezed Middle 受擠壓的中產(chǎn)階級

2012 Omnishambles 一團糟

2013 Selfie 自拍

2014 Vape 電子水煙

2015 *Tears Of Laughter Emoji* “笑cry”表情

2016 Post-Truth 后真相

英文來源：每日電訊報
翻譯&編輯：丹妮