人民代表大會(huì)制度和全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)

??? 人民代表大會(huì)制度是中國(guó)的根本政治制度，是國(guó)家的政體。
??? The people's congress system is the fundamental political system of the People's Republic of China (PRC), and the system of government of the country.

??? 人民代表大會(huì)制度是體現(xiàn)我國(guó)“一切權(quán)力屬于人民”這一社會(huì)主義民主實(shí)質(zhì)的根本制度。
??? The system most directly reflects the nature of the PRC, indicating the status of the Chinese people of various ethnic groups as masters in the country's political life.

??? 人民代表大會(huì)是人民行使國(guó)家權(quán)力的最高機(jī)構(gòu)。
??? The NPC is the highest institution through which the Chinese people exercise their state power.

1953年，中國(guó)基層政權(quán)在普選的基礎(chǔ)上，逐級(jí)召開了人民代表大會(huì)。1954年9月召開了第一屆全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)，標(biāo)志著以人民代表大會(huì)為基礎(chǔ)的國(guó)家政權(quán)制度全面確立，國(guó)家權(quán)力開始由人民選舉產(chǎn)生的人民代表大會(huì)統(tǒng)一行使。
??? In 1953, China held people's congresses at different levels. In1954, the First National People's Congress (NPC) was convened, marking the establishment of the people's congress system in China.

??? 全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)制定和修改憲法并監(jiān)督其實(shí)施；制定和修改國(guó)家基本法律和其他法律。選舉全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)常務(wù)委員會(huì)的組成人員；選舉中華人民共和國(guó)主席、副主席；根據(jù)中華人民共和國(guó)主席的提名，決定國(guó)務(wù)院總理的人選；根據(jù)國(guó)務(wù)院總理的提名，決定國(guó)務(wù)院其他組成人員的人選；選舉中央軍事委員會(huì)主席；根據(jù)中央軍事委員會(huì)主席的提名，決定中央軍委其他組成人員的人選；選舉最高人民法院院長(zhǎng)；選舉最高人民檢察院檢察長(zhǎng)。對(duì)以上人員，全國(guó)人民代表大會(huì)都有權(quán)予以罷免。根據(jù)憲法和法律監(jiān)督政府工作；審查和決定基礎(chǔ)的、長(zhǎng)期的、重要的國(guó)家事務(wù)。
??? The NPC exercises legislative power, amends the Constitution and supervises its enforcement, formulates and amends basic statutes and other laws; elects and decides on the leading personnel of state-level administrative, judicial, procuratorial and military bodies, and has the right to recall them; supervises government work in accordance with the Constitution and laws; and examines and decides on the fundamental, long-term and key issues of the state.

??? 所有行政、司法、檢察及軍事機(jī)構(gòu)和國(guó)家級(jí)機(jī)關(guān)均向全國(guó)人大負(fù)責(zé)并受其監(jiān)督。
??? All administrative, judicial, procuratorial and military organs and other state-level institutions are responsible to the NPC and supervised by it.

(來(lái)源：中國(guó)網(wǎng)，編輯 Helen)