BBC Learning English 英語教學(xué)

Vocabulary: Design 詞匯:設(shè)計(jì)

Icons 電腦圖標(biāo)

Luis Prado has created what he hopes will become the international symbol for global warming. He's one of many designers contributing icons to an online bank of icons called the Noun Project.The creators of the Noun Project think it could one day contain an icon for every noun, which is a tall order.

But we are already surrounded by icons in the modern world. Pictorial instructions appear on everything from instant noodles to emergency exits. And of course, modern computers and smartphones are unthinkable without a screenful of icons.

It's hard to imagine now, but early computers didn't have them. They used 'command line interfaces': lines of written commands scrolling down the screen. The virtual desktop with icons we know today was created by Xerox in the 1970s. They established conventions we still use: a document was symbolised by a blank sheet of paper with one corner folded, a directory was a card folder with a tab on top, a picture of a trash can meant 'delete' and a closed envelope indicated an unread email.

As technology improved, it was possible to move away from the early, simple black and white signs to full colour and more realistic images. But we still love the simple when it comes to icons. All the designs on the Noun Project site are clean black and white line drawings, and there are nostalgic fan sites dedicated to old-school computer icons from the 70s and 80s.

But things are harder for designers today. Modern devices have many functions and require more icons, making it harder to avoid confusion. Take the arrow. It's an old and well-used symbol but in a modern operating system, an arrow can mean drop down menu, undo, redo, sort, cursor, play video, change text direction and move to next item - to name just a few uses.

It's clear we need icons more than ever. So what makes a successful one? As well as simple lines and unique shape, an icon needs to be universal, so plays on words don't work well. An early Apple icon of a cat meaning copy (from the English 'copycat') was soon dropped because it was confusing to non-English speakers. But it might be impossible to be truly international. Most computers indicate time passing from left to right, with the past on the left and the future on the right. That's logical for English speakers, but not for people who write right to left like Arabic speakers.

Glossary 詞匯表 (點(diǎn)擊單詞收聽發(fā)音)

關(guān)注和訂閱

人氣排行
熱搜詞
 
精華欄目
 
Copyright ©
主站蜘蛛池模板: 特级毛片AAAAAA| 亚洲第一成人在线| 日本最新免费二区| 亚洲综合国产一区二区三区 | 扒开双腿猛进入女人的视频 | 另类视频第一页| 在线观看欧美国产| 全彩无翼口工漫画大全3d| 婷婷综合缴情亚洲狠狠图片| 天天躁狠狠躁夜躁2021| 久久久久亚洲精品中文字幕| 欧美性受xxxx狂喷水| 免费国产a理论片| 蜜中蜜3在线观看视频| 国产精品久久久| 99福利视频导航| 成年人视频在线观看免费| 乌克兰大白屁股| 欧美牲交VIDEOSSEXESO欧美| 全彩口工番日本漫画| 视频二区在线观看| 国产特级毛片aaaaaa高潮流水 | 喷出巨量精子系列在线观看 | 亚洲一区二区三区高清| 天天综合色一区二区三区| 久久丁香五月天综合网| 欧洲精品免费一区二区三区| 亚洲精品美女在线观看| 精品无码AV无码免费专区| 国产伦精品一区二区三区视频金莲 | 中文在线√天堂| 日韩a在线观看免费观看| 亚洲国产成人精品无码区在线观看 | 久久国产精品99精品国产| 欧美另类第一页| 亚洲精品第二页| 精品久久久久久| 国产99久久精品一区二区| www.sifangpian| 日本a级视频在线播放| 亚欧在线精品免费观看一区|