英國(guó)脫歐后，英語(yǔ)也要脫歐？

PHILIPPE HUGUEN/GETTY IMAGES

Is the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union going to deal a fatal blow to the language of Shakespeare on the continent? English, one of the 24 official languages of the EU, is very much spoken in Brussels and in the European Parliament in Strasbourg. But according to certain leading French politicians, its status after the Brexit should be questioned.
英國(guó)脫離歐盟會(huì)對(duì)英語(yǔ)在歐洲大陸的使用產(chǎn)生致命的影響嗎？英語(yǔ)，是歐盟24種官方語(yǔ)言之一，在布魯塞爾和歐洲議會(huì)所在地斯特拉斯堡都非常盛行。但是據(jù)某法國(guó)政要說(shuō)，英國(guó)脫歐后，英語(yǔ)的地位也應(yīng)受到質(zhì)疑。

On Friday morning, the mayor of the southern French town of Béziers, Robert Ménard — a man with close ties to the National Front — reckoned that English no longer had “any legitimacy” in Brussels.
法國(guó)南部城市貝濟(jì)耶市市長(zhǎng)羅伯特?麥納德與國(guó)民陣線有非常密切的聯(lián)系，周五上午，他說(shuō)他猜測(cè)英語(yǔ)在布魯塞爾不再具有“任何合法性”。

Left-wing presidential candidate Jean-Luc Mélenchon, who supports moving away from European treaties, has, for his part, said that English can no longer be “the third working language” of the European Parliament.
左翼總統(tǒng)候選人讓?呂克?梅朗松支持把英語(yǔ)從歐盟協(xié)議中去除，他個(gè)人認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)不能再是歐洲議會(huì)“第三大工作語(yǔ)言”了。

In various ways, they’re both wrong. The very complex operation of multilingualism in European institutions doesn’t rely on the single criterion of a member state’s membership in — or withdrawal from — the EU.
從多種角度看，他們都錯(cuò)了。歐盟復(fù)雜的多語(yǔ)種工作機(jī)制并不依賴于成員國(guó)留下或退出歐盟這一單一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

The EU’s official languages are communicative languages recognized by the institutions. At the inception of the European structure, during the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1951, there were four: French, German, Italian and Dutch. Today there are 24 of these official languages, including Bulgarian, Danish, Croatian and, obviously, English. In the European Parliament, all documents and discussions must be translated simultaneously into the 24 languages.
歐盟的官方語(yǔ)言是由組織機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)定的交流語(yǔ)言。在歐盟的初始階段，在1951年歐洲煤鋼共同體成立期間，有四種工作語(yǔ)言：法語(yǔ)、德語(yǔ)、意大利語(yǔ)和荷蘭語(yǔ)。如今有24種官方語(yǔ)言，包括保加利亞語(yǔ)、丹麥語(yǔ)、克羅地亞語(yǔ)，當(dāng)然了，還有英語(yǔ)。在歐洲議會(huì)，所有的文件和會(huì)議討論都必須同時(shí)譯成24種語(yǔ)言。

The official language of a member state doesn’t automatically become an official language of the EU (as is notably the case with Luxembourgish). This recognition happens at the request of the state. If a state withdraws, its language might also be withdrawn, even if a case for it was never made.
成員國(guó)的官方語(yǔ)言并不會(huì)自動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)為歐盟的官方語(yǔ)言（盧森堡語(yǔ)的例子就很著名），應(yīng)一國(guó)要求，才會(huì)得到認(rèn)可。如果一國(guó)退出，它的語(yǔ)言也許也會(huì)退出，盡管之前沒(méi)有過(guò)這樣的例子。

Nevertheless, Great Britain’s exit should not be enough to abolish the use of English in Brussels, contrary to what Robert Ménard thinks. That is quite simply because the English language is one of the official languages of Ireland and Malta, who are still members of the EU.
然而，英國(guó)退出對(duì)廢棄在布魯塞爾使用英語(yǔ)而言還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠，和羅伯特?麥納德所想相反。道理非常簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)橛⒄Z(yǔ)是愛爾蘭和馬耳他的官方語(yǔ)言之一，它們還是歐盟的成員。

Jean-Luc Mélenchon’s proposal is subtler because the European MP is targeting English not in its capacity as an official language, but as a working language. To enable the fluidity of exchanges within the EU, certain discussions led by certain institutions happen in a limited number of languages. Contrary to what the presidential candidate asserts, this isn’t the case during sessions of the European Parliament (except for press conferences). The European Commission, however, does have three official working languages: French, German and English.
讓-呂克?梅朗松的提議就比較微妙，因?yàn)樗槍?duì)的不是英語(yǔ)作為官方語(yǔ)言的能力，而是工作語(yǔ)言。為了保證歐盟內(nèi)部交流的順暢，一些機(jī)構(gòu)組織的一些會(huì)議中，語(yǔ)言使用的數(shù)量是有限的。與梅朗松宣稱的相反，這和歐洲議會(huì)的會(huì)議沒(méi)多大關(guān)系（除了新聞發(fā)布會(huì)）。而歐洲委員會(huì)有三種官方工作語(yǔ)言：法語(yǔ)，德語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)。

This linguistic choice is clearly tied to member states’ influence, but it also follows practical concerns and historical traditions. Deliberation in the European Union Court of Justice takes place in French, as do the majority of discussions in the European Court of Auditors.
這種語(yǔ)言學(xué)上的選擇顯然是和成員國(guó)的影響力聯(lián)系在一起的，但是它也要遵循實(shí)際考慮和歷史傳統(tǒng)。歐洲法院的審議是用法語(yǔ)進(jìn)行的，歐洲審計(jì)院的大部分會(huì)議也是用法語(yǔ)。

So although the U.K. doesn’t use the euro and has preserved its monetary sovereignty, the European Central Bank has, since its creation, always and exclusively used the English language. And this is not for London’s sake, but for the sake of not complicating its extremely sensitive communication by multiplying the channels of translation.
因此，盡管英國(guó)不使用歐元，保留著它的貨幣主權(quán)，但歐洲中央銀行自從建立之初就總是使用英語(yǔ)一種語(yǔ)言。這不是因?yàn)閭惗氐挠绊懥?，而是因?yàn)椴幌朐黾臃g的語(yǔ)種，避免讓它已經(jīng)非常敏感的交流變得更復(fù)雜。

Vocabulary:

inception: 起初
exclusively: 唯一地，排外地

英文來(lái)源：赫芬頓郵報(bào)
翻譯：實(shí)習(xí)生孫美真
編審：yaning